Assessment of myocardial viability in ischemic heart disease by integrated PET/MR / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To evaluate the value of integrated PET/MR in assessing myocardial viability in ischemic heart disease.Methods:A total of 39 patients (28 males, 11 females; age (60.1±12.0) years) diagnosed with ischemic heart disease in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively enrolled from September 2020 to December 2021. All patients underwent cardiac 13N-NH 3·H 2O and 18F-FDG PET/MR examinations. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequence was included in MRI scan. PET and MRI images were analyzed and myocardial viability of each myocardial segment was evaluated according to the American Heart Association (AHA) 17 segment method. The extent of left ventricular infarcted myocardium was measured based on PET and MRI images. Weighted Kappa test was used to evaluate the agreement of PET and MRI in assessing myocardial viability. The extent of infarcted myocardium measured by PET and MRI was compared by paired- t test, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between them. Results:There was a moderate agreement between PET and MRI in assessing myocardial viability ( Kappa=0.532, P<0.001), with the agreement rate of 69.83%(463/663). There was no significant difference but strong correlation between the extents of infarcted myocardium measured by PET and MRI ((23.89±14.23)% vs (23.55±11.90)%; t=-0.24, P=0.809; r=0.79, P<0.001). In segments with normal perfusion and metabolism on PET, 22.52% (100/444) showed abnormal enhancement on MRI. On the other hand, 39.89% (73/183) of the segments classified as non-viable on MRI showed normal or viable on PET. Conclusion:Integrated PET/MR is able to take full advantage of the complementary nature of PET and MRI, achieving the comprehensive and accurate evaluation of myocardial viability.

Guidelines for Surgery of Confirmed or Suspected COVID-19 Patients

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread widely across the world since January 2020.There are many challenges when caring for patients with COVID-19, one of which is infection prevention and control. In particular, in cases where surgery must absolutely be performed, special infection control may be required in order to perform surgery without spreading infection within the hospital. We aim to present potentially useful recommendations for nondeferrable surgery for COVID-19 patients based on in vivo and in vitro research and clinical experiences from many countries.

Prognostic significance of the hemoglobin A1c level in non-diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The predictive value of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in non-diabetic patients with myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is still controversial. This study aimed to evaluate whether HbA1c levels were independently associated with adverse clinical outcomes in non-diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who had undergone PCI by performing a meta-analysis of cohort studies.@*METHODS@#This meta-analysis included non-diabetic patients with CAD who had undergone PCI. A systematic search for publications listed in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from commencement to December 2018 was conducted. Studies evaluating the adverse clinical outcomes according to abnormal HbA1c levels in non-diabetic patients diagnosed with CAD who had undergone PCI were eligible. The primary outcomes were long-term all-cause deaths and long-term major adverse cardiac events, and the secondary outcome was short-term all-cause deaths. The meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3 and Stata software 14.0. Odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using a random or fixed-effects model, depending on the heterogeneity of the included studies. Sub-group analysis or sensitivity analysis was conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity, when necessary.@*RESULTS@#Six prospective cohort studies involving 10,721 patients met the inclusion criteria. From the pooled analysis, abnormal HbA1c levels were associated with increased risk for long-term all-cause death (OR 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-1.68, P = 0.001, I = 45%). Sub-group analysis suggested that abnormal HbA1c levels between 6.0% and 6.5% predicted higher long-term major adverse cardiac event (including all-cause deaths, non-fatal myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, target vessel revascularization, recurrent acute myocardial infarction, heart failure requiring hospitalization, and stent thrombosis) risk (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.46-2.87, P < 0.001, I = 0). Contrarily, elevated HbA1c levels were not associated with increased risk of short-term all-cause death (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.88-1.54, P = 0.300, I = 0).@*CONCLUSIONS@#An abnormal HbA1c level is an independent risk factor for long-term adverse clinical events in non-diabetic patients with CAD after PCI. Strict control of HbA1c levels may improve patient survival. Further studies in different countries and prospective cohort studies with a large sample size are required to verify the association.

Relationship between serum homocysteine levels and long-term outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The mortality of cardiovascular disease is constantly rising, and novel biomarkers help us predict residual risk. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of serum homocysteine (HCY) levels on prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).@*METHODS@#The 419 consecutive patients with STEMI, treated at one medical center, from March 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively investigated. Peripheral blood samples were obtained within 24 h of admission and HCY concentrations were measured using an enzymatic cycling assay. The patients were divided into high HCY level (H-HCY) and low HCY level (L-HCY) groups. Short- and long-term outcomes were compared, as were age-based subgroups (patients aged 60 years and younger vs. those older than 60 years). Statistical analyses were mainly conducted by Student t-test, Chi-squared test, logistic regression, and Cox proportional-hazards regression.@*RESULTS@#The H-HCY group had more males (84.6% vs. 75.4%, P = 0.018), and a lower prevalence of diabetes (20.2% vs. 35.5%, P < 0.001), compared with the L-HCY group. During hospitalization, there were seven mortalities in the L-HCY group and 10 in the H-HCY group (3.3% vs. 4.8%, P = 0.440). During the median follow-up period of 35.8 (26.9-46.1) months, 33 (16.2%) patients in the L-HCY group and 48 (24.2%) in the H-HCY group experienced major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (P = 0.120). History of hypertension (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.881, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.178-3.005, P = 0.008) and higher Killip class (HR: 1.923, 95% CI: 1.419-2.607, P < 0.001), but not HCY levels (HR: 1.007, 95% CI: 0.987-1.027, P = 0.507), were significantly associated with long-term outcomes. However, the subgroup analysis indicated that in older patients, HCY levels were significantly associated with long-term outcomes (HR: 1.036, 95% CI: 1.011-1.062, P = 0.005).@*CONCLUSION@#Serum HCY levels did not independently predict in-hospital or long-term outcomes in patients with STEMI; however, among elderly patients with STEMI, this study revealed a risk profile for late outcomes that incorporated HCY level.

Relationship between serum homocysteine levels and long-term outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background:@#The mortality of cardiovascular disease is constantly rising, and novel biomarkers help us predict residual risk. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of serum homocysteine (HCY) levels on prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).@*Methods:@#The 419 consecutive patients with STEMI, treated at one medical center, from March 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively investigated. Peripheral blood samples were obtained within 24 h of admission and HCY concentrations were measured using an enzymatic cycling assay. The patients were divided into high HCY level (H-HCY) and low HCY level (L-HCY) groups. Short- and long-term outcomes were compared, as were age-based subgroups (patients aged 60 years and younger vs. those older than 60 years). Statistical analyses were mainly conducted by Student t-test, Chi-squared test, logistic regression, and Cox proportional-hazards regression.@*Results:@#The H-HCY group had more males (84.6% vs. 75.4%, P=0.018), and a lower prevalence of diabetes (20.2% vs. 35.5%, P < 0.001), compared with the L-HCY group. During hospitalization, there were seven mortalities in the L-HCY group and 10 in the H-HCY group (3.3% vs. 4.8%, P= 0.440). During the median follow-up period of 35.8 (26.9–46.1) months, 33 (16.2%) patients in the L-HCY group and 48 (24.2%) in the H-HCY group experienced major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (P=0.120). History of hypertension (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.881, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.178–3.005, P=0.008) and higher Killip class (HR: 1.923, 95% CI: 1.419–2.607, P < 0.001), but not HCY levels (HR: 1.007, 95% CI: 0.987–1.027, P=0.507), were significantly associated with long-term outcomes. However, the subgroup analysis indicated that in older patients, HCY levels were significantly associated with long-term outcomes (HR: 1.036, 95% CI: 1.011–1.062, P=0.005).@*Conclusion:@#Serum HCY levels did not independently predict in-hospital or long-term outcomes in patients with STEMI; however, among elderly patients with STEMI, this study revealed a risk profile for late outcomes that incorporated HCY level.

Construction and identification of recombinant human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipo1calinlinear multi-epitope peptide / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective The feasibility of predicting the B-cell epitopes of human Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) was discussed by applicating bioinformatics technology.Linear epitope molecules that have diagnostic value were screened and these recombinant linear multi-epitope peptides were constructed,and expressed.The immunogenicity of the recombinant linear multi-epitope peptides were also identified.Methods NGAL amino acid sequence was got from GenBank in the Department of Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in July 2015,the Predicted,ABCpred,BepiPred,BcePred,and Lasergene softwares were used to predict the linear B cell epitope prediction.The predict epitopes were constructed and prokaryotic expressed,and then the single epitope antigens which could reacted with commercially available polyclonal NGAL antibody were screened out by Western blot.Finally,the multi-epitope peptide was constructed,expressed,and identified through immunoreactions.Results Eight possible epitopes were obtained after prediction.pET32a-N1-N8 prokaryotic expression vector were used to express the predict epitopes.After purification and Western blot analysis,three of the epitopes have strong antigenicity,and then a soluble fusion protein was expressed and obtained from the multi-epitope prokaryotic expression vector pET22b-Ngal_MEP1.The fusion protein was successfully purified by Ni2 + affinity column.Western blot analysis showed that the fusion protein had a strong antigenicity.Conclusions The constructed multi-epitope linear NGAL antigen peptides can obtain high soluble expression in prokaryotic expression system,and have a strong immunoreactivity,which can be used in subsequent antibody preparation.

Progress of GP73 as a new tumor marker for clinical application / 中华检验医学杂志

Golgi protein 73, a novel Golgi-localized transmembrane glycoprotein , is normally expressed in biliary epithelial cells of human tissues.Researches show that GP73 is overexpressed in many tumor tissues, such as hepatocellular carcinoma , prostate cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, renal cell cancer, and so on, which may play on important role in cancer diagnosis as a novel tumor marker.

Expression and purification of r ecombinant circumsporozoite proteins of Plasmodium falciparum and evaluation of their binding activities to hepatocytes / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To amplify four fragments of circumsporozoite ( CSP) protein gene from Plasmodium falciparum FCC1/HN strain and express recombinant CSP proteins in prokaryotic vector pET28 a/EGFP for further evaluation of their binding activities to hepatic cells .Methods Four pairs of primers were designed according to the cDNA sequence of CSP protein from Plasmodium falciparum FCC1/HN strain and used to amplify the gene fragments by PCR .The cloned gene fragments were inserted into pET28a/EGFP to construct the recombinant expression plasmids .The transformed E.coli BL21 strains carry-ing expression plasmids were induced by IPTG to express CPS proteins .The recombinant CSP proteins were purified with Ni2+chelating HiTrap HP column and detected by SDS-PAGE.The binding activities of the ex-pressed proteins to different tissues were also detected .Results Four gene fragments encoding CSP protein were successfully amplified and expressed in E.coil BL21 strain as fusion protein CSR1a-EGFP, CSR1b-EGFP, CSR2a-EGFP and CSR2b-EGFP with a relative molecular mass of about 39×103, 31×103, 33×103 and 30 ×10 3 , respectively .The purified fusion proteins reacted specifically with Plasmodium falciparum-posi-tive serum samples.Moreover, the recombinant protein CSR2a-EGFP could bind to the hepatic cells specif-ically rather than other cells.Conclusion The purified recombinant CSR2a-EGFP protein has a strong binding activity to hepatocytes , indicating its potential value as a targeting molecule for hepatic gene therapy .

Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on serum lipid in aged male patients with chronic heart failure / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of recombinant human growth hormone on serum lipid in aged male patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty seven patients with chronic heart failure(> or = 60 years old) were randomly divided into 2 groups: the CHF control group (n = 46) who received regular therapy and the CHF experimental group (n = 41) who received regular therapy and recombinant human growth hormone. The treatment would be continued for 3 months. Another group was normal control group (n = 10). The detection of serum growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was carried out before and after treatment in the participants.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before treatment, the levels of GH and IGF-1 were not significantly different among groups. After treatment, the levels of GH (0.71 +/- 0.34 vs 0.96 +/- 0.48) and IGF-1 (95.64 +/- 21.11 vs 111.64 +/- 23.14)in CHF experimental group were higher than those before the treatment. In CHF control group, the levels of GH(0.81 +/- 0.32 vs 0.79 +/- 0.29) and IGF-1 (97.82 +/- 19.74 vs 99.65 +/- 20.11) had no significant change after the treatment. After treatment, the levels of GH (0.96 +/- 0.48 vs 0.79 +/- 0.29) and IGF-1 (111.64 +/- 23.14 vs 99.65 +/- 20.11) in CHF experimental group were higher compared with that of CHF control group. Before treatment, the serum levels of LDL-C, HDL-C, TC and TG had no significant difference among groups. After treatment,the levels of LDL-C (2.11 +/- 0.82 vs 1.76 +/- 0.51) and TC (3.78 +/- 1.34 vs 3.21 +/- 1.17) in CHF experimental group were lower than those before the treatment. However, the levels of HDL-C (1.10 +/- 0.31 vs 0.99 +/- 0.28)and TG (1. 89 +/- 1.07 vs 1.66 +/- 0.95) had no significant change after the treatment compared with before treatment. In CHF control group, the serum lipid levels had no significant change after the treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As the treatment of rhGH for aged male patients with chronic heart failure, GH influences lipid metabolism, which reduces the level of LDL-C, TC. However GH has no effects on the serum HDL-C and TG level. With the treatment of rhGH for long-term, lipid metabolism should be paid attention,and the treatment for blood lipid reduction should be adjusted in time.</p>

Changes of sex hormones and risk factors associated with atherosclerosis in old patients with castrated prostatic cancer / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the relationship between changes of sex hormone levels and risk factors for atherosclerosis in old patients with castrated prostatic cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and forty-seven patients, over 65 years old, were divided into three groups: 64 non-prostatic cancer patients (group I), 61 non-castrated prostatic cancer patients (group II) and 122 castrated prostatic cancer patients (group III). Group I and group II served as controls. Testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), luteal hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL), progesterone (P), C-reactive protein (CRP), serum homocysteine (Hcy), glucose (GLU), uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), were measured and compared between any two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In patients with castrated prostatic cancer, T, E2, and P levels decreased significantly, LH and FSH increased significantly, change of PRL was not significant, E2/T was elevated significantly; levels of CRP, Hcy, GLU, UA, TC, TG and LDL-C increased significantly compared with those in control groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sex hormone levels were imbalanced significantly after castration in old prostatic cancer patients, and the risk factors for atherosclerosis also increased accordingly. There might be relationship between decreased sex hormone levels and risk factors for atherosclerosis in old male patients.</p>

The metabolism characteristics of blood lipids and the correlation analysis of blood lipids and related factors such as age in the middle-aged and elderly men / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between the blood lipids and risk factors such as age in middle-aged and elderly men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1603 men aged over 50 years old who took health examinations in June 2006 in the Chinese PLA General hospital were taken into the study. The total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), fasting serum glucose (FBG), serum creatinine (Cr) and blood uric acid (UA) were detected, and the clinical data such as age, body height, body weight and blood pressure were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The detection rates of hyperlipidemia, abnormal TC, abnormal TG, abnormal HDL-c and abnormal LDL-c were 56.27%, 36.74%, 28.20%, 10.79% and 6.92% respectively, and the TC and/or TG abnormality were the majority. (2) Compared with the 50 59 years old group, the elderly men aged over 80 years old had lower detection rates of abnormal TC and abnormal HDL-c, lower levels of TC and TG and higher levels of HDL-c (P < 0.05). After adjusting for BMI, SBP, DBP, UA, FBG and CCr, the multiple regression analysis showed that the levels of TC and TG decreased by 0.097 mmol/L and 0.087 mmol/L respectively every 10 years older, while the level of HDL-c increased by 0.113 mmol/L.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The study showed that the majority types of hyperlipidemia in middle-aged and elderly men were abnormal TC and abnormal TG. The levels of TC, TG were correlated with age positively and the HDL-c was negatively correlated with age. The blood lipids metabolism characteristics of elderly men aged over 80 years old should be considered before the treatment of hyperlipidemia.</p>

The correlation analysis of carotid stenosis and pulse pressure in the elderly men with essential hypertension / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between the carotid stenosis (CS) and the pulse pressure (PP) in elderly men with essential hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to the Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CDFI), 157 elderly men with essential hypertension and carotid atherosclerosis were divided into five classifications and two groups: CS < 50% group (n = 66) and CS > or = 50% group (n = 91). The blood pressures were measured within one year before the CDFI was taken and clinical data were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the PP in CS > or = 50% group were significantly increased than those in CS < 50% group, while the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was converse. The independent risk factors of CS > or = 50% were peripheral arterial disease (OR: 4.543, 95%CI: 1.415-14.590) and PP (OR: 1.096, 95% CI: 1.038-1.157). (2) CS classifications positively correlated with PP (r = 0.402, P < 0.01) and fibrinogen (FIB) (r = 0.200, P < 0.05). After adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), SBP, DBP, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), fasting serum glucose (FBG), blood uric acid (UA), D-dimer, amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), total bilirubin (TBIL) and direct bilirubin (DBIL), multiple regression analysis showed that PP and FIB remained as predisposing risk factors for CS classifications.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The pulse pressure was correlated with carotid stenosis in elderly men with essential hypertension and it was justified for concurrent inhibition of PP in the treatment of high blood pressure.</p>

Effect of schisandrin B on lung mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 signal transduction molecule in rat lungs exposed to silica / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of schisandrin B (Sch-B) on expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and signal transduction molecule mRNA in rat lungs exposed to SiO2, and explore the intervention mechanism of Sch-B on pulmonary fibrosis induced by SiO2.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety six Wistar rats were randomly divided into control (normal saline) group, SiO2 group and SiO2 plus Sch-B group. The rats were exposed to SiO2 by direct tracheal instillation to establish the silicotic animal models. SiO2 group and SiO2 plus Sch-B group were treated with 1 ml SiO2 (50 mg/ml) for each rat From the first day after model establishment, SiO2 plus Sch-B group were orally given Sch-B (80 mg/kg) a day, control group and silica group were orally given olive oil. On the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 28th days after treatment, 8 rats in each group were sacrificed and samples were collected. The histo-pathological examination of lung was performed by HE staining. The expression levels of TGF-beta1, TGF-betaR II and Smad4 mRNA in the lung tissues were detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of histo-pathological examination showed that in SiO2 group, lung tissues were injured obviously; the alveolar inflammation with alveolus interval edema and inflammation cell infiltration appeared on the 3rd and 7th days; the alveolus interval became thicker, became thicker, fibroblast and collagen matrix increased markedly on 14th day; the alveolar structure was damaged, alveolar wall thickened obviously, collagen aggravation and pulmonary fibrosis displayed on 28th day. The alveolar inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in SiO2 plus Sch-B group were significantly less than those in SiO2 group. The expressions levels of TGF-beta1 TGF-betaR II and Smad4 mRNA (TGF-1beta: 1.03 +/- 0.31, 1.33 +/- 0.39,1.08 +/- 0.26, 0.82 +/- 0.16, TGF-betaR II: 0.65 +/- 0.11, 0.80 +/- 0.16, 0.83 +/- 0.24, 0.62 +/- 0.15, Smad4:0.87 +/- 0.15, 0.68 +/- 0.11, 0.78 +/- 0.19, 0.30 +/- 0.08) in SiO2 group were significantly higher than those in the control group (TGF-beta1:0.59 +/- 0.22, 0.55 +/- 0.25, 0.56 +/- 0.20, 0.55 +/- 0.12, TGR-betaR II :0.28 +/- 0.13, 0.31 +/- 0.15, 0.34 +/- 0.15, 0.27 +/- 0.09, Smad4:0.23 +/- 0.11, 0.40 +/- 0.12, 0.39 +/- 0.12, 0.18 +/- 0.06) (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), but the expression level of TGF-beta1 mRNA was the highest on the 7th day. The expression levels of TGF-beta1 and Smad4 mRNA (TGF-beta1:0.68 +/- 0.28, 0.88 +/- 0.25, 0.75 +/- 0.11, 0.61 +/- 0.14,Smad4:0.25 +/- 0.12, 0.45 +/- 0.09, 0.44 +/- 0.07, 0.21 +/- 0.04) in SiO2 plus Sch-B group were significantly lower than those in SiO2 group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05 ), but there were no significant differences of the TGFbetaR II mRNA expression levels between SiO2 group and SiO2 plus Sch-B group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sch-B can reduce the pulmonary fibrosis induced by SiO2 through inhibition of the mRNA express of TGF-beta1 and Smad4 in the lung tissue, modulating the TGF-beta1/Smad4 signal transduction pathway and inhibiting the target gene activation.</p>

Clinical Significance of Detection by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization for Bladder Cancer / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective: To analyze chromosome aberrations in bladder transitional cell carcinoma with exfoliated cells, and to evaluate the clinical value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in bladder cancer. Methods: FISH was performed using centromeric probes of 3, 7, 17 and locus probe of p16 to examine chromosome aberrations of exfoliated cells of 56 bladder cancer patients and 20 healthy controls to analyze the correlation of chromosome aberration with the pathological features of bladder cancer. The urine cytology of the 56 bladder cancer patients was performed. Results: The rates of aneuploidy of chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 were 58.9%, 39.3%, 58.9% and 75.0% for aberration of p16 in exfoliated cells from the 56 bladder cancer patients. All of the aberrations had no correlation with tumor stage (P>0.05). The aberrations of chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 were significantly correlated with pathological grade (P<0.05). The sensitivity of the 4 chromosome probes for detecting bladder cancer was 80.4%. The detection rate of FISH was obviously higher than that of udne cytology. Conclusion: Chromosome aberration is correlated with the growth of bladder cancer. The detection of FISH has significance for early di-agnosis, prognosis evaluation, and recurrence monitoring of bladder cancer.

Expression of CD4～+CD25～+regulatory T cells in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura / 中国组织工程研究

AIM:It has been recently proved that either decreased number or impaired function of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells(Treg)can lead to immune dysfunction.Deeper knowledge of CD4+CD25+Treg cells is crucial for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of many diseases,such as autoimmune diseases,graft-versus-host disease,and allergic disease.This study is aimed to investigate the correlation of CD4+CD25+Treg cells in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)and to analyze the possible immunopathogenesis. METHODS:The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Institute of Hematology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from June to September in 2007.After the patients and their relative signed informed consents, peripheral blood was obtained from ITP patients(n=27)and health people(n=15)admitted in the Hematology Hospital,Peking Union Medical College.All patients accorded with the standards of ITP diagnosis and curative effect.The amount of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells in peripheral blood of normal controls and ITP patients before and after therapy was detected by flow cytometry.For those 23 patients who received effective therapy,blood before and after therapy were both obtained,the mononuclear cells(MNCs)were isolated from peripheral blood by density gradient centrifugation,then reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of Foxp3 mRNA. RESULTS:The amount of CD4+CD25+Treg cells and the ratio of CD4+CD25+Treg to total CD4+T cells in peripheral blood of ITP patients were obviously decreased than those of the controls(P0.05),but the expression of Foxp3 mRNA in CD4+CD25+ Treg cells was significantly increased(P

VEGF-induced tubulogenesis of endothelial cells from human brain malignant glioma in the three dimentional model / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the tubulogenesis capability of malignant glioma-derived microvessel endothelial cells (GDMEC) from human brain with that of ECV304 cells in a three dimentional model and to explore the significance of GDMEC in the study on angiogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The GDMEC were isolated from malignant gliomas of human brain and purified by selective binding to the monoclonal antibody against CD105 bound to the magnetic MACS MicroBeads. GDMEC and endothelial-like cell line ECV304 were compared with their capabilities of formatting tubule-like structure (TLS) in the three dimentional collagen matrix, with or without inducement by various concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The obtained GDMEC had a high purification (98%) and could be successfully cultured in vitro. GDMECs formed more TLS than ECV304 cells of the same number and at the same time points. VEGF could induce rapid formation of TLS in a dose-dependent manner, however, ECV304 cells were less response to VEGF stimulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GDMEC could maintain their endothelial characteristics and potential capability of angiogenesis. They were more response to VEGF than ECV304, therefore, more suitable for in vitro studies on tumor angiogenesis.</p>

Effects of cholesterol rich diet on blood coagulative and fibrinolytic activities in male rabbits / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To explore the effects of cholesterol rich diet on the activities of blood coagulative and fibrinolytic systems in male rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>14 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomized to cholesterol rich diet(CRD) group and common diet (control) group. Rabbits in CRD group were fed with 1% cholesterol embedded diet and those in the control group were fed with common diet. Levels of blood TG, TC, LDL, HDL, Lp(a), apoA1, apoB, FIB, D-dimers and FDP, PT and APTT, activity of ADP, AT-III, PLG and alpha2-PI were tested in all rabbits before given cholesterol rich diet and after 12 weeks' feeding with different kinds of diet.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Levels of blood TG, TC, LDL, HDL, Lp(a), apoA1, apoB, FIB, D-dimers in CRD group were all elevated significantly compared with those in the control group and the baseline levels. PT and APTT were shortened, ADP, PLG and alpha2-PI activity were increased in CRD group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cholesterol rich diet not only is the direct cause of hyperlipidemia but also can increase the coagulative activity and inhibit the fibrinolytic activity and promoting the evolution of arteriosclerosis.</p>

Inhibitory effect of Chuanhong Baliu Paste on mouse S180 tumor and its apoptotic induction / 中华中医药杂志

Objective:To observe the inhibition of Chuanhong Baliu Paste on S180 tumor and investigate its apoptotic induction. Methods:60 mice were divided into 5 groups randomly after inoculating S180 tumor. S180-bearing mice were smeared with different dosages of Chuanhong Baliu Paste respectively on skin of right armpit. Model group was administrated with normal sodium and positive group was injected intraperitoneally with Cyclophosphamide (25mg/kg) respectively. The growth inhibition was evaluated; apoptotic cells were detected by DNA agarose gelelectrophoresis and flow cytometry. The expression of Caspase-3 was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. Results:Compared with model group,Chuanhong Baliu Paste could signifi cantly inhibit the growth of S180 (P

Investigations of the urinary sodium excretion in elderly men / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To explore the characteristics of the urinary excretion in the elderly patients and to offer some advice for the prevention and treatment of hyponatremia in the elderly patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>42 inpatients aged over 80 were divided into tow groups according to their creatinine clearance rate (CCR). Meanwhile, 24 patients aged 45-59 and 31 patients aged 60-79 were chosen as the control groups. All patients were examined 24h urinary electrolytes and CCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The CCR in the elderly group was lower than in the middle-aged and old group and the 24 h urinary sodium excretion was accordingly diminished than the two groups. 24 h urinary sodium excretion in CCR abnormal group was also diminished than in CCR normal group. The urinary sodium excretion was not linearly correlate with the CCR in middle-aged group and old group but was linearly correlate in the elderly group. (2) The elderly patients' capability of holding blood sodium and excreting potassium was declined in the CCR normal group. But the urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and phosphonium were all diminished in CCR abnormal group. (3) All patients' sodium intake was higher than the criteria made by China Hypertension Association.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Their urinary sodium excretion is linearly correlate with CCR. Urinary sodium excretion is increased when the elderly patients' renal function is relative normal but when the renal function is severely damaged, urinary sodium excretion is diminished.</p>

Target delivery of lactose poly-L-lysine combined HSV-TK to human liver cancer cells / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore a new molecular target for HSV-tk/GCV system in human liver cancer therapy.Methods The lactose and poly-L-lysine covalently linked compound(Lac-PLL) were prepared by using reductive amination methods and purified by using Sephadex G10 gel filtration.The value of n was determined by methods of phenol-vitriol colorimetry.The plasmid r-pAs16Dr was mixed with the conjugate to form a gene delivery complex named GlanPLL-r-pAs16Dr.The GlanPLL-r-pAs16Dr was transformed to different cell lines such as HepG2 and A549 to confirm the expression of RFP.The expression of HSV-tk was confirmed by RT-PCR.Cells with various concentrations of GCV were observed at different time points using MTT.Results The PLL modified by 34 Lac was obtained by using chemical synthesis.The RFP was expressed in HepG2 by 48h after transfection,and was not expressed in A549.The expression of HSV-tk was only detected in HepG2 using RT-PCR.The HepG2 transformed with GlanPLL-r-pAs16Dr was sensitive to GCV and the growth inhibiting rate was 70.5% with the treatment of low concentration of GCV(1mg/L) for 3 days.The A549 was not sensitive to GCV.Conclusion Lac-PLL,which is easy to prepare,is an efficient carrier for HSV-tk to be delivered to hepatoma cell lines by binding to ASGPR.